And when it is words that wound, […] how are we to understand the relation between the word and the wound? If it is not a causal relation, and not the materialization of an intention, is it perhaps a kind of discursive transitivity that needs to be specified in its historicity and its violence? What is the relation between this transitivity and the power to injure? […] The subject who utters the socially injurious words is mobilized by that long string of injurious interpellations: the subject achieves a temporary status in the citing of that utterance, in performing itself as the origin of that utterance.
Judith Butler, Excitable speech, 1997Invitations to contemplate these words and play with your thoughts
What if everything is entangled
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I can’t help but think of that curious delay [in translation], the gap between the spoken word and its effect. I mean the delay that we notice whenever we attend a conference or debate in several languages: the way the laughs come out of sync once the translator manages to convey the comic effect, …
What if everything is entangled
Words do not only acquire meaning from the dictionary. They carry the histories of how they have been used — who has spoken them, to whom, under what conditions, and with what consequences. That history sticks to the word. It cannot simply be washed off.
A seemingly harmless word can become an insult, a racist attack, a wound. To be called by a word is to receive its history en plein figure.
And sometimes that history brings the dead back with it.
For the speaker, this means a responsibility: intention is never enough. Even the most innocent intention can become naive in the face of the histories a word carries. We speak through those histories, whether we know it or not.
Meike Gleim, 2026